Starter feed for cattle is a specially formulated ration designed for calves, typically from weaning until they are about 4–6 months old. This feed plays a crucial role in transitioning calves from a milk-based diet to a solid-feed diet, promoting rumen development and ensuring steady growth during this critical stage.

Key Features of Starter Feed

1. High Energy Content:

   • Calves require easily digestible energy sources to support rapid growth.
   • Common energy ingredients include corn, barley, or wheat.

2. Crude Protein:

   • Starter feed typically contains 18–22% crude protein to aid muscle and tissue development.
   • Protein sources include soybean meal, canola meal, or cottonseed meal.

3. Palatability:

   • Starter feed should be highly palatable to encourage consumption as calves transition off milk.
   • Molasses or sweeteners can be added to enhance taste.

4. Minerals and Vitamins:

   • Essential minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium support bone development.
   • Vitamins A, D, and E promote immunity and overall health.
   • A salt mix may be included for electrolyte balance.

5. Fiber:

   • Moderate fiber content (10–15%) from forages like alfalfa promotes healthy rumen function.
   • Starter feeds usually have a textured or pelleted form for easy consumption.

6. Additives (Optional):

   • Probiotics, prebiotics, or yeast cultures to support gut health.
   • Medications like coccidiostats (e.g., monensin) may be included to prevent digestive diseases.

Feeding Guidelines for Starter Feed

1. Age and Timing:

   • Introduce starter feed when calves are 3–4 weeks old while they are still on milk or milk replacer.
   • Gradually increase the feed amount as their intake grows.

2. Quantity:

   • Calves typically consume 1–2 pounds of starter feed per day initially, increasing to 4–6 pounds by the time they are weaned.

3. Water Access:

   • Always provide clean, fresh water, as it is essential for rumen development and feed digestion.

4. Transition to Grower Feed:

   • Around 8–12 weeks or when calves reach about 200–250 pounds, gradually shift them to grower feed with slightly lower protein levels.

Sample Cattle Starter Feed Recipe (Per 100 kg of feed)

• Corn (Ground or Cracked): 55 kg
• Soybean Meal: 20 kg
• Alfalfa Meal: 15 kg
• Molasses: 5 kg
• Mineral and Vitamin Mix: 3 kg
• Salt: 1 kg
• Optional Additives: Probiotics or coccidiostat (per manufacturer guidelines).